Evolving Tensegrity Façade Systems: Computational Morphogenesis through Multi-Step Optimization and Digital Fabrication of Structural Modules

In the field of façade design and engineering, the tensegrity structural principle may be utilized in pursuit of flexible, lightweight, and adaptable building envelopes. Depending on their geometry, tensegrity structures can form planar or nonplanar grids suitable for facades, and as prestressed structures, they tend to be resistant to dynamic loads such as seismic forces and wind. However, the form-finding process requires nonlinear analysis and physical simulations, and to optimize façade structures for a multitude of environmental objectives, computational analyses, and multi-objective optimization algorithms should also be implemented, which can further complicate the process. Addressing this challenge, this research introduces a tensegrity façade system developed through a multi-step approach. Initially, a simplified structural model is analyzed and optimized under assumed loads, which is then followed by the generation of a complex shape compression module, developed to account for a variety of environmental factors. This method enhances flexibility in the early design stages and provides an array of design solutions depending on the specific project requirements. The proposed system can provide high structural, material, and energy efficiency, and also improve the building occupants’ experience and comfort. The method was tested through computer simulations and produced results were built as physical mockups.